What does the 180-degree rule help maintain in video production?

The 180-degree rule is a fundamental guideline in video and film production that helps maintain the spatial relationship between characters in a scene. This rule dictates that an imaginary line, often referred to as the "axis of action," is established between two characters or elements within a scene. As long as the camera remains on one side of this line, it ensures that the audience understands the relationship and orientation of the characters to each other. For instance, if one character is positioned on the left side of the frame and facing the other character, staying within the 180-degree arc prevents confusion about which character is which and maintains their relative positions.

When the camera crosses this axis, it can create disorientation for the viewer, as characters may appear to switch places or face different directions, leading to confusion about the interactions taking place. By adhering to the 180-degree rule, filmmakers can create a clear and coherent visual narrative that supports the storytelling process.