What does the term 'pan' refer to in camera operation?

The term 'pan' in camera operation refers to the horizontal movement of the camera, where the camera itself remains stationary, but the lens pivots from one side to the other. This technique allows a cinematographer to scan across a scene, capturing a wider view or following action within the frame. It is essential in storytelling and establishing the spatial relationship between subjects in a scene.

The other options describe different camera movements. Moving the camera vertically is referred to as 'tilt,' which involves pivoting the camera up or down. The choice about moving the dolly and tripod together is not a recognized term for the pan movement; rather, it involves the movement of the entire camera setup. Raising and lowering the camera typically also refers to adjusting the height of the shot, distinct from the panning motion. Understanding these distinctions helps in accurately describing camera operations and mastering cinematographic techniques.