When is it most appropriate to use a handheld camera?

Using a handheld camera is most appropriate for dynamic, action-heavy scenes or intimate storytelling because it provides a sense of immediacy and realism that enhances the viewer's connection to the action or emotion being portrayed. The natural movement of a handheld camera can capture the energy and fluidity of dynamic scenes, making the audience feel part of the action. In intimate storytelling, the slight shakes and movements of a handheld shot can create a more personal and engaging experience, drawing viewers closer to the characters and their emotions.

In contrast, other scenarios like static and slow-paced scenes are better served by stable camera setups, which emphasize clarity and control, allowing viewers to absorb the content without distraction. Filming documentaries may often utilize handheld techniques, but it's not exclusive to that genre, thus limiting its application unnecessarily. Special effects shots typically rely on precise and intentional movements that handheld cameras might not provide, as they could interfere with the visual clarity required for such effects.